personal allowance Archives

Tax-Free Personal Allowance Thresholds & Tax Bands (2022/23 to 2016/17)

May 28, 2022/in 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, Accountancy, Accountants, Annual threshold, Band rates, Dulwich, HMRC, London, Personal allowance, Personal Tax Account, South London, Tax, Tax accountants, Tax advice, Tax advisers, Tax calculation, Tax-free allowance, thresholds, Tulse Hill/by Mark

Today we look at the tax-free allowance thresholds for what’s officially known as the tax-free Personal Allowance in the tax and accountancy world.

The Tax-Free Personal Allowance

This is the amount a UK individual can earn as income before they have to pay any Income Tax. In the current tax year (6 April 2022 to 5 April 2023) individuals can earn up to £12,570 before they have to start paying Income Tax, as you’ll see in the first table. In other words, if their taxable income is two thousand pounds more than that, they’ll only have to pay income tax on the extra £2000, not the core £12,570. There are exceptions, and different rules applied before 2016/17, but our aim is to keep things simple in this guide rather than focusing on more rare exceptions. So, below, we show the Personal Allowance thresholds for tax-free income over the last 7 tax years. As you will see, the Tax-Free Personal Allowance has gradually increased over the years.

Tax Bands for Basic Rate, Higher Rate and Additional Rate Taxpayers

The tables also show the various tax bands for earnings above the Personal Allowance threshold. These are the Basic Rate, Higher Rate and Additional Rate income tax bands, with tax rates increasing the more people earn. The information might be useful if you owe income tax from previous years but bear in mind that anyone born prior to 6 April 1948 may be entitled to a larger Personal Allowance.

Please note: this guide focuses only on Income Tax. Taxpayers will also need to allow for other deductions like National Insurance, which we’ll cover in a separate guide, and things like pension contributions, any student loan interest repayments, any tax on dividends, and so on.

Tax-Free Allowance Thresholds 2022/23

For the tax year 6 Apr 2022 to 5 Apr 2023:
The first £12,570 (your Personal Allowance) is tax-free*
Earnings between £12,571 and £50,270 are taxed at 20% (‘Basic Rate’ income tax)
Earnings between £50,271 and £150,000 are taxed at 40% (‘Higher Rate’ income tax)
Earnings over £150,000 are taxed at 45% (‘Additional Rate’ income tax)

* For every £2 earned above £100,000, the Personal Allowance is reduced by £1. It therefore reduces to zero for earnings of £125,140 or more.

Tax-Free Allowance Thresholds 2021/22

For the tax year 6 Apr 2021 to 5 Apr 2022:
The first £12,570 (your Personal Allowance) is tax-free*
‘Basic Rate’ earnings between £12,571 and £50,270 are taxed at 20%
‘Higher Rate’ earnings between £50,271 and £150,000 are taxed at 40%
‘Additional Rate’ earnings over £150,000 are taxed at 45%

* For every £2 earned above £100,000, the Personal Allowance is reduced by £1. It therefore reduces to zero for earnings of £125,140 or more.

Tax-Free Allowance Thresholds 2020/21

For the tax year 6 Apr 2020 to 5 Apr 2021:
The first £12,500 (your Personal Allowance) is tax-free*
‘Basic Rate’ earnings between £12,501 and £50,000 are taxed at 20%
‘Higher Rate’ earnings between £50,001 and £150,000 are taxed at 40%
‘Additional Rate’ earnings over £150,000 are taxed at 45%

* For every £2 earned above £100,000, the Personal Allowance is reduced by £1. It therefore reduces to zero for earnings of £125,000 or more.

Tax-Free Allowance Thresholds 2019/20

CIS Sub-contractors – Claim Your Tax Refund Now!

March 28, 2022/in 2020, 2021, 2022, Accountancy, CIS, Construction Industry Scheme, Income & Expenditure, Income tax, Personal allowance, Refund, South London, Subcontractor, Tax, Tax refunds, Tulse Hill/by Mark

[Updated April/May 2022]: It’s now time to start the process of claiming your tax refund if you are a sub-contractor working within the Construction Industry Scheme (‘CIS’). Refunds are usually fast through Taxfile.

What you need to do

Don’t delay – book an appointment with Taxfile today by calling 0208 761 8000 and we’ll sort it all out for you. We have staff who speak English, Polish, Pashto, Dari, Russian, French, and Dutch, should you need them on the day. Our Tulse Hill office is at 25 Thurlow Park Road, London SE21 8JP. Call 0208 761 8000 for an appointment — the first 20 minutes is free! Alternatively, you can have a ‘virtual’ appointment with us on Zoom, Teams, Google Hangouts, Skype, FaceTime, WhatsApp or whatever you prefer.

Outside of London? No problem – click here.

We’re open from Monday to Saturday in April & May (including early evenings Mon/Tues)

Our Tulse Hill office is open 6 days a week during April & May and offers Saturday morning appointments plus early evening appointments on Mondays and Tuesdays if standard office hours do not suit you (please call for details).

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The Chancellor’s Autumn Budget 2017

November 24, 2017/in 2017, Accountancy, Autumnn Budget 2017, Budget, Landlords, Personal allowance, Property investment, Stamp Duty, Tax/by Mark

This week, Chancellor of the Exchequer Philip Hammond delivered his Autumn Budget Statement to the House of Commons. View his full 1 hour speech in the official UK Parliament video below, which also includes a response from Jeremy Corbyn, leader of the opposition:

The biggest news from this budget was the Stamp Duty announcement, wherein first time buyers buying a property up to £300,000 in value will no longer pay Stamp Duty at all (saving £5k), nor pay it on the first £300,000 of homes costing up to £500,000. Money man Martin Lewis gave his take on the proposed Stamp Duty changes and answered frequently asked questions pertaining to exactly what defines a first time buyer in an interview on Good Morning Britain yesterday — here is a 5 minute clip:

Other winners included

The Personal Allowance, which is the amount people can earn before they need to start paying income tax, is set to increase by £350 from £11,500 to £11,850 for those earning up to £100k per annum.
The National Living Wage (NLW) will increase from £7.50 to £7.83 per hour from April 2018. This will affect UK workers aged over 25.
The Chancellor promised investment of £160m in 5G mobile networks …
… and a total of £550m for electric cars.
He also set aside an additional £1.5 billion in Universal Credit to help those on benefits.
£40m was set aside for a teacher training fund for under-performing schools in England.
NHS England is to receive £2.8BN in investment (less, though, than the £4BN NHS bosses said is needed).
From April 2018, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) is set to replace the Retail Price Index (RPI) as the inflation measure through which business rates will be calculated. It is anticipated that this change will save businesses £2.3BN in the first three years of the change.
The Chancellor also abolished the very unpopular staircase tax and promised that those affected to date by the staircase tax would see original rates reinstated. Revaluations will take place every three years (previously five) after the next scheduled revaluation in 2022.

Losers included:

The Chancellor revised down the growth forecasts for GDP, productivity growth and business investment.
£3BN was set aside for helping to combat Brexit challenges.
For second property owners, powers have been given to local authorities to charge a 100% council tax premium on empty houses. (See our note about those getting an income from property rental below).

If you have any questions about how the Autumn Budget might affect you, or any queries about any tax or accounting issues and requirements you may have, simply contact Taxfile on 0208 761 8000, send us a message here or book a 20 minute appointment online here and we’ll be happy to help. We also offer specific tax help and accounting for landlords so do get in touch if you would like to make sure you’re claiming no more and no less than you should if you’re getting an income from letting property.

Links to more detailed HMRC information about the Autumn Budget Statement can be read online here.

Summer Budget 2015 – Key Tax Takeaways

July 17, 2015/in 2015, Annual Investment Allowance, Budget, Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne, National Minimum Wage, Non-domiciled residents, South London, Tax advice, Tax advisers/by Mark

The Summer Budget was announced last week and in this blog post we’ll take a look at only those changes which will affect ordinary taxpayers and SMEs.

In his opening remarks, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne, promised:

A Budget … to keep moving us from a low wage, high tax, high welfare economy; to the higher wage, lower tax, lower welfare country.

So, taking each of those goals in turn …

Higher Minimum Wages

With regard to the higher wages promise, Osborne announced that there would be a new National Living Wage of £7.20 per hour from April 2016 for those aged over 25 and over, rising to more than £9 per hour by the year 2020.

Lower Tax

With regard to the lower tax promise, the Personal Allowance (the amount people can earn before paying any tax) will increase – as anticipated – from £10,600 in the financial year 2015-16 to £11,000 in 2016-17. A longer term plan is to increase this still further to £12,500 by 2020. The ultimate ambition is pass a law to make sure that those working 30 hours a week and earning the National Minimum Wage will pay no tax whatsoever, although clearly this will need further clarification in due course.

Dividend tax will also be reformed. Here the existing dividend tax credit (this reduces tax paid on dividends from shares) will be replaced by a new £5,000 tax-free allowance on income from shares from April 2016 and this will be available to all taxpayers. To offset the cost of this to the Exchequer, those with more significant dividend income will see an increase in the tax rate they pay.

Inheritance tax will also be subject to changes from 2017-18. The idea is to allow individuals to each have a ‘family home allowance’ which they can pass on to their children or grandchildren, tax-free, when they die. This allowance will be added to the existing Inheritance Tax threshold currently set at £325k and will potentially allow property up to the value of £1m to be passed down from 2020-21 (see table below). For those with estates valued over £2m the allowance will be gradually withdrawn.

This is how the effective Inheritance Tax thresholds will look in 2020-21: Read more

Construction Industry Scheme (CIS): How to Claim a Tax Refund

March 24, 2015/in Accountancy, Advice, CIS, cis gross payments, CIS4, CIS5, CIS6, Construction Industry Scheme, Contractor, Contractor Monthly Return, Multilingual staff, National Insurance, New CIS, NI, NIC, Non-domiciled residents, Rebate, Refund, South London, Subcontractor, Tax, Tax refunds, Tulse Hill, UTR/by Mark

It’s now time to start the process of claiming your tax refund if you are a subcontractor working within the construction industry and have been paying tax, in advance, through the Construction Industry Scheme (‘CIS’). In this article we will tell you how you qualify and how to claim your tax refund. First, though, a little bit of background to the scheme:

The CIS Scheme

The Construction Industry Scheme, or CIS, is a scheme whereby a contractor in the construction industry usually deducts a proportion of the money due to their subcontractor, at source. The deducted amount is then passed direct to HMRC and counts towards the subcontractor’s tax and National Insurance, the tax element effectively being paid in advance. The exact proportion deducted depends on whether the subcontractor concerned has registered under the CIS system. If the subcontractor has not registered, the deduction will usually be made at a rate of 30%. If they have already registered, then the deduction will usually be made at a rate of 20%. Either way, by the financial year end, the amount of tax deducted at source will usually end up being more than they really needed to have paid, simply because it won’t have factored in the personal allowance which every UK taxpayer is entitled to (most UK citizens can earn up to £10,000 before paying tax at time of writing, this figure being set to rise to £10,600 in the tax year 2015-16, 10,800 a year later then increasing to £11,000 by 2017-18 following the recent budget proposals). Hence, many subcontractors in the construction industry will be due a tax refund because of the overpayment. The good news is that the time to apply for the refund is pretty much now, so get in touch if you’d like our help claiming.

What kind of work does CIS cover?

You qualify to be in the CIS system if you are a subcontractor who supplies construction work to buildings. This includes labouring, decorating, site preparation and refurbishment but excludes things like architecture, surveying services, the hire of scaffolding without labour, the fitting of carpets, the delivery of materials, and finally non-construction type services such as site facilities (canteens etc.).

What if your business is not in the UK?

Even if your business is abroad, the same rules apply if you work as a subcontractor within the UK. However there are some slightly different rules regarding the treatment of taxation for non-resident workers from countries which have ‘Double Taxation’ treaties with the UK (we can, of course, also help with that — just get in contact).

Registering for CIS

If you haven’t already registered for CIS as a sub-contractor, Taxfile can help to do this for you. You’ll need to be registered for Self Assessment (we can also help with this) and this will give you your UTR (unique taxpayer reference) number. We’ll also need your name, National Insurance number, your legal business/trading name and contact details. Once registered with CIS one of the immediate benefits will be that you’ll then have tax deductions made at the 20% rate rather than at 30%, which would otherwise be the case. If your business is a legal partnership you will also need to register it for CIS but this would need to be done in addition to being registered as an individual or sole trader. Of course, Taxfile can help with that too. Once you have been registered with CIS and have passed certain eligibility criteria, it is also possible to apply for ‘gross payment status’ meaning that you’ll then be paid by the contractor without the usual ‘at source’ deductions. Instead you’ll need to pay any outstanding tax and National Insurance at the financial year end; however HMRC will review your business each year to check that you still qualify for this status (paying tax late and/or submitting returns late would put your gross payment status at risk).

Offsetting Expenses against your tax

Taxfile can also help you to offset certain expenses against your subcontractor income. This means that any tax refund will be larger — or any tax outstanding will be lower. We can offset Read more

Highlights from the Chancellor’s Budget, 18 March 2015

March 19, 2015/in 2015, 2016, 2017, Accountancy, Annual Allowance (AA), Annual Investment Allowance, Band rates, Budget, Chancellor of the Exchequer, Flexible ISA, George Osborne, Help to Buy ISA, Higher rate tax payers, HM Revenue and Customs, HMRC, Income tax, Investments, ISAs, National Insurance, National Minimum Wage, NI, NI Class 3, NIC, Personal allowance, Personal Savings Allowance, Self-assessment, Self-employed, Tax, Tax advice, Tax allowance, Tax bands, Tax returns/by Mark

Along with some encouraging news about the UK economy, some interesting new measures were announced in the Chancellor’s Budget yesterday and below we highlight those which we feel will directly impact the majority of UK taxpayers:

As widely forecast, the tax-free allowance will increase. The amount people can earn before paying tax will rise to £10,800 from 2016-17 and then to £11,000 from 2017-18. At the same points in time, higher earners will also receive a two stage increase to the threshold at which they start to pay a 40% rate of tax, with the threshold increasing to £43,300 by 2017-18.
The Chancellor also announced a brand new Personal Savings Allowance whereby the first £1,000 of interest (£500 for higher rate taxpayers) will be tax tree. This new allowance will kick in from April 2016 and will take 95% of taxpayers out of savings tax completely. (Fact Sheet available here).
Another new scheme announced was the introduction of a new ‘Help to Buy ISA’ aimed at prospective first time buyers. This fairly generous scheme means that the Government will chip in up to £50 extra per month (up to a ceiling of £3,000) when an eligible saver saves up to £200 per month towards their first home. (Fact Sheet available here).
In another ISA reform, savers will now be able to withdraw money from a new Flexible ISA and deposit it back later in the same financial year without losing any of their usual ISA tax benefits. £15,240 will be able to be put into this re-styled savings vehicle. Read more

How the Chancellor’s 2014 Autumn Statement affects YOU!

December 5, 2014/in 2014, Accountancy, Accountants, Chancellor of the Exchequer, Chancellor's Autumn Statement, Corporation tax, Dulwich, George Osborne, ISAs, London, National Insurance, NI, NIC's, Personal allowance, Rates, SME, South London, Stamp Duty, Stamp Duty Land Tax, Tax, Tax avoidance, Tax bands, Taxes, thresholds, Tulse Hill, Value Added Tax, VAT/by Mark

George Osborne, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, announced his Autumn Statement on Wednesday (3 Dec 2014) in what could be seen as a mini budget. Here we focus on the key announcements, concentrating on those relating purely to taxation, as it is those which affect you, our customers, most directly.

1). First some good news: The UK is seeing the fastest growth out of all the G7 countries, and the number of people employed is at its highest point ever. This is good for all of us because it restores optimism in the UK economy, higher employment speaking for itself.

2). As we announced in a separate blog post, Stamp Duty (Land Tax) has been given a major shake-up and, for anyone buying a house for £935,000 or less, the amount of Stamp Duty which they’ll have to pay will be less, and sometimes very significant. See our separate blog post and infographic for more detail.

3). In the financial year 2015-16, the tax-free personal allowance (which is the amount you can earn before you start to pay any tax) will increase to 10,600 which is an increase of £600. So … more tax-free money in your pocket, which is good.

4). Economy flights will become cheaper for under 12s from 1 May 2015 and under 16s from 1 March 2016, because their tickets will become exempt from tax on those dates. So … a small concession, but another welcome one. Average 4-person families will save £26 for flights within Europe and £142 on flights to the U.S.

5). From 3 December 2014, spouses will be able to inherit their partner’s ISA benefits should their partner pass away. Currently this is not the case and the change will mean that, from 6 April 2015, the surviving spouse or civil partner will be able to Read more

The Chancellor’s Budget, March 2014

March 20, 2014/in 2014, AIA, Annual Investment Allowance, Annuities, Budget, Capital gains tax, CGT, Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne, Higher rate tax payers, IHT, Income tax, Inheritance Tax, Interest rates, ISAs, NISAs, pension contributions, pension scheme, Pensions, Personal allowance, savings income, Stamp Duty, Tax, Tax allowance, Tax bands/by Mark

The Chancellor, George Osborne, has now presented his March 2014 Budget to Parliament. There was lots of talk about the economy, growth forecasts, supporting UK businesses and employment – as well as some obvious political spin bearing in mind the European and General Elections are just around the corner – however we thought we’d concentrate on the most important changes, mainly in relation to tax itself as that’s what is going to affect Taxfile customers and readers the most. So here is our snapshot:

For individuals:

The threshold before earnings are subject to income tax (the ‘tax-free personal allowance’) is set to rise to £10,500;
The higher rate of tax will kick in for earnings above £41,865 from April 2014, rising again to £42,285 in 2015;
The first part of the ‘Help to Buy’ equity loan scheme for those aspiring to buy a new home is to be extended until 2020 (previously 2016);
The Stamp Duty on homes worth over £500k is to increase to 15% for those which are bought by companies;
Inheritance tax will be scrapped for members of the emergency services who “give their lives protecting us”;
Cash and Shares ISAs will be merged into a single New ISA (“NISA”). The annual tax-free limit for the NISA will be £15k (£4k for junior equivalent) from 1 July 2014.
From April 2015, pensioners will no longer be forced to buy an annuity with their pension fund. They will now be able to cash in as much or as little as they want to from their pension pot.
From June 2014, the amount people will be able to invest into Premium Bonds will increase to £40k (from £30k). From 2015 this will rise again to Read more

Autumn Statement by the Chancellor of the Exchequer

December 9, 2013/in Accountancy, Accountants, Buy to let, Capital gains tax, CGT, Chancellor's Autumn Statement, Dulwich, Employee, Employer, IHT, Income tax, Inheritance Tax, ISAs, Land and property, Landlords, Lettings, Lettings income, London, Married couple's allowance, National Insurance, NIC, NIC's, Non-domiciled residents, Non-resident, Personal allowance, property investor, residency, savings income, South London, Tax, Tax accountant, Tax accountants, Tax advice, Tax advisers, Tax agents, Tax allowance, tax experts/by Mark

On 5 December 2013 George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, gave his Autumn Statement in Parliament. Key announcements included:

A rise for the Personal Allowance, as was long-anticipated, to £10,000 in 2014/15;
the higher 40% tax rate threshold also increasing to £41,865;
A new, transferable, tax allowance of £1,000 for married couples and those in civil partnerships from April 2015;
For employees aged under 21 employers will not have to pay Class 1 National Insurance (‘NI’) Contributions on earnings up to the Upper Earnings Limit;
Capital Gains Tax (‘CGT’) for future gains will now also apply to NON-resident individuals from April 2015 (previously this had been applied only to UK resident landlords);
For 2014/15 the annual ISA subscription limit will increase to £11,880 (of which £5,940 can be in cash);
There were also announcements relating to the continuing clamp-down on tax avoidance, improvements and plans for UK infrastructure, and the proposed inheritance tax (‘IHT’) simplification for trusts.

The full speech transcript can be read here or alternatively view the following video recording: Read more

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